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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Bilateral cingulotomy ： ウィキペディア英語版 Bilateral cingulotomy Bilateral cingulotomy is a form of psychosurgery, introduced in 1948 as an alternative to lobotomy. Today it is mainly used in the treatment of depression〔J.D. Steele ''et al''. 2008 Anterior cingulotomy for major depression: clinical outcome and relationship to lesion characteristics. ''Biological Psychiatry'' 63(7):670-7.〕 and obsessive-compulsive disorder. In the early years of the twenty-first century it was used in Russia to treat addiction.〔A. Carter and W. Hall 2012 ''Addiction neuroethics: the promises and perils of neuroscience research on addiction''. Cambridge University Press: 188-9.〕 It is also, rarely, used in the treatment of chronic pain. The objective of this surgical procedure is the severing of the supracallosal fibres of the cingulum bundle, which pass through the anterior cingulate gyrus.〔Christmas et al.. (2004). Neurosurgery for mental disorders. Advances in Psychiatric Treatment, 10, 189-199.〕 ==History== Cingulotomy was introduced in the 1940s as an alternative to standard prefrontal leucotomy/lobotomy in the hope of alleviating symptoms of mental illness whilst reducing the undesirable effects of the standard operation (personality changes, etc.). It was suggested by American physiologist John Farquhar Fulton who, at a meeting of the Society of British Neurosurgeons in 1947, said "were it feasible, cingulectomy in man would seem an appropriate place for limited leucotomy". This was derived from the hypothesis of James Papez who thought that the cingulum was a major component of an anatomic circuit believed to play a significant role in emotion.〔S Corkin (1980) A prospective study of cingulotomy. In ES Valenstein (ed) ''The psychosurgery debate: scientific, legal, and ethical perspectives''. San Francisco, WH Freeman and Co: 164-204〕 The first reports of the use of cingulotomy on psychiatric patients came from J le Beau in Paris, Hugh Cairns in Oxford, and Kenneth Livingston in Oregon.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Bilateral cingulotomy」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.